Question 3

1. State which pairs of triangles in Fig. 6.34 are similar. Write the similarity criterion used by you for answering the question and also write the pairs of similar triangles in the symbolic form :

2. In Fig. 6.35, $\Delta \text{ODC} \sim \Delta \text{OBA}$, $\angle \text{BOC} = 125^\circ$ and $\angle \text{CDO} = 70^\circ$. Find $\angle \text{DOC}$, $\angle \text{DCO}$ and $\angle \text{OAB}$.

4. In Fig. 6.36, $\dfrac{\text{QR}}{\text{QS}} = \dfrac{\text{QT}}{\text{PR}}$ and $\angle 1 = \angle 2$. Show that $\Delta \text{PQS} \sim \Delta \text{TQR}$.

S and T are points on sides $PR$ and $QR$ of $\Delta \text{PQR}$ such that $\angle \text{P} = \angle \text{RTS}$. Show that $\Delta \text{RPQ} \sim \Delta \text{RTS}$.

6. In Fig. 6.37, if $\Delta \text{ABE} \cong \Delta \text{ACD}$, show that $\Delta \text{ADE} \sim \Delta \text{ABC}$.

7. In Fig. 6.38, altitudes $AD$ and $CE$ of $\Delta \text{ABC}$ intersect each other at the point $P$. Show that:

(i) $\Delta \text{AEP} \sim \Delta \text{CDP}$

(ii) $\Delta \text{ABD} \sim \Delta \text{CBE}$

(iii) $\Delta \text{AEP} \sim \Delta \text{ADB}$

(iv) $\Delta \text{PDC} \sim \Delta \text{BEC}$

8. E is a point on the side AD produced of a parallelogram ABCD and BE intersects CD at F. Show that $\Delta \text{ABE} \sim \Delta \text{CFB}$.

9. In Fig. 6.39, ABC and AMP are two right triangles, right angled at B and M respectively. Prove that:

(i) $\Delta \text{ABC} \sim \Delta \text{AMP}$

(ii) $\dfrac{\text{CA}}{\text{PA}} = \dfrac{\text{BC}}{\text{MP}}$

10. CD and GH are respectively the bisectors of $\angle \text{ACB}$ and $\angle \text{EGF}$ such that D and H lie on sides AB and FE of $\Delta \text{ABC}$ and $\Delta \text{EFG}$ respectively. If $\Delta \text{ABC} \sim \Delta \text{FEG}$, show that:

(i) $\dfrac{\text{CD}}{\text{GH}} = \dfrac{\text{AC}}{\text{FG}}$

(ii) $\Delta \text{DCB} \sim \Delta \text{HGE}$

(iii) $\Delta \text{DCA} \sim \Delta \text{HGF}$

In Fig. 6.40, $E$ is a point on side $CB$ produced of an isosceles triangle $ABC$ with $AB = AC$. If $AD \perp BC$ and $EF \perp AC$, prove that $\Delta ABD \sim \Delta ECF$.

Sides AB and BC and median AD of a triangle ABC are respectively proportional to sides PQ and QR and median PM of $\Delta PQR$ (see Fig. 6.41). Show that $\Delta ABC \sim \Delta PQR$.

D is a point on the side $BC$ of a triangle $ABC$ such that $\angle \text{ADC} = \angle \text{BAC}$. Show that $\text{CA}^2 = \text{CB} \cdot \text{CD}$.

Sides $AB$ and $AC$ and median $AD$ of a triangle $ABC$ are respectively proportional to sides $PQ$ and $PR$ and median $PM$ of another triangle $PQR$. Show that $\Delta ABC \sim \Delta PQR$.

A vertical pole of length $6\text{ m}$ casts a shadow $4\text{ m}$ long on the ground and at the same time a tower casts a shadow $28\text{ m}$ long. Find the height of the tower.

If $AD$ and $PM$ are medians of triangles $ABC$ and $PQR$, respectively where $\Delta ABC \sim \Delta PQR$, prove that

$\dfrac{\text{AB}}{\text{PQ}} = \dfrac{\text{AD}}{\text{PM}}$